Wednesday 23 December 2020

1. Social History of Clothing

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1. Social History of Clothing






                                                                                                                     

1. Objective Type Questions:-


 

A. Multiple Choice Questions-

1.   The cotton cloth is made up of…….

a) Cotton                       b) Animal Skin            c) Silkworms               d) Wool

Ans. Cotton.

 

2.   Who thought of the artificial fibre first?

a) Marie Curie                 b) Robert Hook              c) Louis Subab               d)Lord Curzon

Ans. Robert Hook.

 

3.    In which century did the people of Europe wear clothes according to their social status, class and gender?

a)15th Century                  b)16th Century               c)17th Century                d)18th Century

Ans. 18th Century.

 

4.   The traders of which country began to import the Indian ‘Chintz’(Chheent) cloth?

B. Fill in the blanks:


a) China                           b) England                    c) Italy                            d) France Ans. England.

 

1.  Archaeologists found the needles of ivory near Russia.

 

2.  Silkworms are nurtured on mulberry trees.

 

3.   The remains of a woollen clothes have been found in Egyptian, Babylonian and Indus valley civilization.

4.  Industrial revolution began in Europe continent.

 

5.  Swadeshi Movement began in 1905 A.D.


C. Match the Columns:

 

 

1.   Partition of Bengal        Rabindranath Tagore

2.   Silk Clothes                   China

3.   National Anthem            1789 A.D.

4.   French Revolution       Mahatma Gandhi

5.   Swadeshi Movement      Lord Curzon Ans.  1. Partition of Bengal            Lord Curzon

2.   Silk Clothes                   China

3.   National Anthem             Rabindranath Tagore

4.   French Revolution           1789 A.D.

5.   Swadeshi Movement    Mahatma Gandhi.

D. Difference between:


 

1.   Woollen Cloth and Silk Cloth

Ans. Wool- is made of fibre which itself is made of particular cells of the skin. Wool is procured from sheep, yaks, goats and rabbits etc. In ancient times people also used to wear woollen clothes. Silk- Cloth is made from the fibres, prepared by silkworms. A silkworm prepares a cocoon around it for its security, which is made of its saliva. Silk threads are prepared from this cocoon. In India, people have been using silk cloth for thousands of years.

2.   Cotton Cloth and Artificial Fibre

Ans. Cotton Clothes-This type of cloth is made from cotton. Indian people have been wearing cotton clothes for centuries. There is historical evidence which reveals that in ancient civilization people used to wear cotton clothes. Evidence of the use of cotton and cotton cloth has also been found in the Indus Valley Civilization.

2. Very Short Answer Type Questions:


Artificial Fibre- In 1942, Louis Subab prepared a machine to make cloth from artificial fibre. To prepare artificial fibre mulberry, alcohol, rubber, raisins, fat and some other vegetations are used. Nylon, Polyester and rayon are some of the artificial fibers.

 

Q.1.     What was used by human beings to cover their bodies in the primitive age?

Ans. He began to use leaves of the trees, bark of the trees and animal skins to cover their bodies.


Q.2.     How many types of fibres are used to make the clothes?

Ans. Clothes are made up of four kinds of fibres- cotton, woollen, silk and artificial.

 Q.3.Which type of sheep is to be the wool considered to be the best for wool?

Ans. Merino Sheep.

 

Q.4.   In which country did women first raise their voice to wear clothes of their choice?

Ans. France.

 

Q.5.   From which country England used to import cotton before Industrial Revolution?

Ans. India.

 

Q.6.     Name the Indian leader who initiated the khadi movement.

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi.

 

Q.7.     The people of Namdhari Sect wear clothes of which colour?

3. Short Answer Type Questions:


Ans. White clothes.

 

Q.1.     Why did human beings feel the need of clothing?

Ans -Clothing of a person denotes ones intellectual, mental and economic status. Clothing is not merely used to cover the body it is also an indicator of one’s culture and social status in the society. That’s why human beings feel the need of clothing.

 

Q.2.   How is silk cloth prepared?

Ans. Silk cloth is prepared from silkworm. Silkworm prepares a cocoon around it for its security which is made of its saliva. From this cocoon the silk thread is made

.

Q.3.   What was the impact of Industrial Revolution on clothing?

Ans. Industrial Revolution brought changes in the lifestyle of people. Clothing of the people also changed. The production of clothes was also done through machines. As a result cloth was available in plenty in various designs at affordable prices. People were able to afford many dresses at a time.

 

Q.4.   How did world wars influenced the clothing of women?

Ans. The first world war had a deep impact on the clothing of women because men participated in the war and the responsibility of earning a livelihood came on the shoulders of women. They started wearing small and narrow clothes according to their needs of work. They started wearing blouses, pants and caps as uniform in factories.

 

Q.5.     What do you know about Swadeshi Movement?

Ans. Swadeshi Movement was started in 1905 A.D. against the partition of Bengal. This movement aimed at giving a boost to the Indian industry. In 1920, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Khadi


Movement to release the agenda of the Swadeshi movement. The movement also created jobs for the people. The struggle was based on the use of khadi and boycott of foreign goods. At the call of Gandhi ji, people not only boycotted foreign clothes and goods but also burnt  them.  The movement greatly encouraged Indian industries.

 

Q.6.   Write a note on the efforts made for the preparation of the national dress.

Ans. By the end of the 19th century, spread a sense of nationalism and unity amongst the people. Rabindranath Tagore suggested that the Indian dress should be a fusion of Hindu-Muslim clothing. A long buttoned-coat was considered the most suitable dress for men. Giandaandini Tagore (wife of Satyendranath Tagore) played an important role in designing the National dress. She used to wear a Parsi style saree pinned to the left shoulder with a brooch and wore a matching blouse and shoes. This style of saree was known as ‘Brahmaka’. Later on, this style of saree was adopted by the ladies of Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh.

 

Q.7.     Write a short note on the clothing of Punjabi women.

Ans. Punjabi women mainly wear Salwar-Kameez. Earlier women used to wear long Kurtas in the place of Kameez. Then high neck and cuffed sleeves came into fashion. Ladies covered their heads with Dupattas. Women in cities wear suits and sarees with blouse. In winter women wear sweaters, cardigans and skeevies and shawls etc.

 

4. Long Answer Type Questions:

 

Q.1.   Write a note on the fibres used for making clothes.

Ans. Cotton Cloth- This type of cloth is made from cotton. Indian people have been wearing cotton clothes for centuries. There is historical evidence which reveals that in ancient civilization people used to wear cotton clothes.

Woollen Cloth- Wool is made of fibre which itself is made of particular cells of the skin. Wool is

procured from sheep, yaks, goats and rabbits etc. People in ancient period also used to wear woollen clothes.

Silk Cloth- This type of clothes made from the fibre prepared by silkworms. In fact a silkworm prepares a cocoon around it for its security, which is made of its saliva. Silk threads are prepared from this cocoon. China was the first ever country to develop the technique of making silk cloth.

Artificial fibre-- In 1942, Louis Subab prepared a machine to make cloth from artificial fibre. To

prepare artificial fibre mulberry, alcohol, rubber, raisins, fat and some other vegetations are used. Nylon, Polyester and rayon are some of the artificial fibers. Terrycot made from polyester and cotton is widely used in India.


Q.2.     What were the impacts of Industrial Revolution on the clothing of common people? Discuss in detail.

Ans. In the eighteenth century, Europeans dressed according to their social status. There was a great difference in the clothes of men and women. Women used to wear skirts and high heel sandals whereas men used to wear neckties. Clothing of people of high class of the society varied from commoners. French Revolution of 1789 A.D. ended the privileges of aristocracy. The poor and the lower class people began to wear colorful clothes. In European countries, women were asked to wear tight laced clothes from childhood, so that their bodies might not expand. In 1830

A.D. many women organizations began to demand democratic rights for women. As the Suffrage movement got momentum, clothing reforms started in the 13 British colonies of America. Press and Literature highlighted the ill-effects of tight clothing and the diseases caused by them. In 1870 A.D. two women organizations began a movement to reform the clothes of women. In the 19th century the new ideas of fashion of women brought changes in the designing of the clothing. As a result, women's beauty and dress patterns changed.

 

Q.3.     Write down the impacts of the Swadeshi Movement on the clothing of Indian people.

Ans. In 1920, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Khadi Movement to release the agenda of the Swadeshi movement. The movement also created jobs for the people. People of India boycott the foreign goods. Swadeshi movement greatly encouraged Indian industries. The aim of this  movement was to make everyone in India wear khadi clothes. During this movement, emphasis was laid on the use of the Indian goods, food and clothes etc.

 

Q.4.     Write a detailed note on the clothing of the Punjabi people.

Ans. As far clothing of Punjabis was concerned, men use to wear Kurta- Pyjama and women wore salwar- kameez. Men usually wore turbans on their heads. In the rural areas men used to wear out ‘Parna’ around their heads instead of a Pagri (a turban). Earlier they used to wear (Turre wali Pagri) and starched Pagris. They also wore single layered Pagri and now a days it has changed into double or centre stitched Pagri (turban). Some men wear fifty under the Pagri. Now a days most of the men wear Pant-Shirt along with different types of shoes. Punjabi women mainly wear Salwar-Kameez. Women in cities wear suits and sarees with blouse. Nihang Singh always wear blue and saffron clothes. The followers of Namdhari Sect wear white clothes. With the increase in income and awareness about fashion they started wearing fine quality of clothes.

 

 

 

 

Exercise

Objective Type Questions

A. Multiple Choice Questions-

 

1. In which continent did the Industrial Revolution begin?

a) Asia

b) Europe

c) Australia

d) North America

2. Imperial Forest Research Institute is situated in....

a) Delhi

b) Mumbai

c) Dehradun

d) Abohar

3. Who is considered as the founder of modern forestry in India?

a) Lord Dalhousie

b) Dietrich Brandis

c) Captain Watson

d) Lord Hardinge

4. The wood of which tree is considered to be the best for ship building?

a) Babul

b) Oak

c) Neem

d) Teak

5. Munda Movement occurred in which area?

a) Rajasthan

b) Chota Nagpur

c) Madras

d) Punjab

b. Fill in the blanks

1.    and are very important resources for Man.

2. The term 'colonialism has been derived from the Latin word. 

3. In Europe was used for ship building.

4. Birsa Munda was arrested from on 8th August, 1895.

5. .............is known as traditional method of cultivation.

C. Match the Columns

                          A                                  B

  

 

Birsa Munda                                      2006      

Ship Building Jand                          Babul Dharti

Forest Right Act                              Baba

Malabar Hills                                  Khejri

                                                           Teak   

 

Difference between                         

1. Reserved forests and Protected forests.

2. Scientific forestry And Natural Forests.

II. Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. What do you understand by the term Forest Society?

2. What do you understand by the term Colonialism?

3. Mention any two reasons of deforestation.

4. Which kind of wood was used to build Indian ships?

5. Name the ancient Indian emperor who prohibited the killing of animals

6. Which trees were planted on the Nilgiri hills?

7. Write down the name of four commercial crops.

8. Which slogan was given by Birsa Munda?

9. Which community of the people prevented the king of Jodhpur from felling the trees by their sacrifice?

 II. Short Answer Type Questions

1. What do you mean by colonialism? Give an example.

2. What is the relationship between forest and livelihood of the people?

3. How forests were used for the OD expansion of the railways?

4. Describe the different categories of forests according to the Forest Law of 1878

5. What is the state of forests in contemporary India?

6. Write a note on 'Jhoom System'.

IV. Long Answer Type Questions

1. What are the causes of deforestation?

2. Explain. What was the impact of the forest laws on the forest society during the colonialism?

3. Explain. Write a detailed note on Munda Movement.

 

 

1 .What can you do for the safety and development of the forests? List them. 2. Prepare a brief note on the 'Environment Day' celebrated in your school.

3. Collect details about the 'Chipko Movement'. Prepare a chart for your class.