1. Democracy: Meaning and Importance
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1. Fill in the blanks: |
1.
According to Seelay "Democracy is a system
in which everyone has a share".
2.
The word Democracy has been derived
from two Greek words 'Demos' and 'Cratia'.
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True/False |
a)
There is no liberty
to express different opinion in democracy. (False)
b)
Democracy clearly condemns use of
means of violence although it may be used for the welfare of society. (True)
c)
In democracy citizens are entitled different types of rights. (True)
d)
Awareness of citizen is essential for democracy. (True)
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Multiple Choice Questions- |
a) Which of the following conditions apply for the success
of democracy-
1. Enlightened
citizens 2. Literate citizens
3. Universal
adult franchise 4. Above all
Ans. above all
b) Etymological meaning
of democracy is-
1. Rule of one man 2. Bureaucracy
3. Military
dictatorship 4. Rule of people
Ans. Rule of people
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2. Very Short Answers Type :- |
Q1. Explain Etymological
meaning of democracy.
Ans. Democracy has
been derived from two Greek words 'Demos' and 'Cratia'. Demos
means 'People' and Cratia means
'Rule' So etymological meaning of democracy is 'rule of the people.'
Q2. Why democratic form of government is popular?
Ans. Democracy provides right to freedom of speech and expression.
2. Democracy is a form of government where sovereignty
lies in the hands of people.
Q3.
Write down any two hurdles
in the way to democracy. Ans. 1. Regionalism
3. Casteism and Communalism
Q 4. Give any one
definition of democracy.
Ans. According to Abraham Lincoln, "Democracy is the government of the people, for the
people and by the people."
Q5. Mention any two conditions essential for democracy.
Ans.1. Economic Equality 2.Social equality
Q6. Write any two
principles of democracy.
Ans.1.There is a liberty to express your opinion. Democracy is
based on the principle of tolerance.
4. Democracy Provides
right to freedom of speech and expression and to criticise.
Q7.What is the source
of power in democracy?
Ans. People.
Q 8. What
are the two forms of democracy?
Ans. Direct Democracy and Indirect Democracy.
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C. Short Answer Type Questions:- |
Q.1
Explain any two conditions for the success of democracy.
Ans: 1.
Political
Freedom: For the success of democracy
people should have
freedom of speech and expression, freedom to assemble
and to form associations.
2. Literacy: Literate citizens
make the democracy successful because only educated people
can
understand the economic, social and political problems of the nation and play a vital role
to solve them.
Q 2. How poverty is a threat to democracy? Explain in brief.
Ans. Poverty is a big hurdle in the way of democracy. Many a
time he does not use his right to vote properly. Poor people can't express his
views freely. It poses a threat to democracy. The Rich becomes successful to
buy the vote of the poor.
Q 3. How illiteracy is a challenge for democracy? Describe
in brief.
Answer:
Illiteracy is a major threat to democracy. An illiterate person cannot
contribute to the maximum as he is not fully aware of the economic, social and
political problems of the nation. They become a prey to the false promises of
selfish and shrewd politicians and can't do full justice to the right to vote.
Q4. 'Political
equality is essential for democracy'. Explain this statement.
Ans.
Political
equality is essential for the success of democracy. People should have freedom
of speech and expression without any discrimination. They must have liberty to
criticize the wrong policies of Government.
Q5. How the existence of political party
is essential for democracy? Explain
this statement.
Or
'Political parties are wheels of democracy'. Explain.
Ans. Political
parties are wheels of democracy. Different political parties have their
existence due to difference of opinions
or ideology. Political parties are different types of instruments with which
different types of opinions are expressed in the society and also at state
level afterwards. In democracy political
parties bridge the gap between the people and the government
Q 6.How decentralization of power is essential for
democracy?
Ans. Decentralization
of powers is essential for the success of democracy as decentralization of
powers enables the people to participate in the administration. Due to decentralization
of powers no part or officer of government can become absolute or dictator.
Q 7. Explain any two principles of democracy.
Ans1. In democracy, all individuals has the right to express
their views, to criticize and disagree
with others.
1. Democracy is a form of government where sovereignty lies in the hands of
people.
2.
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D. Long Answer Type Questions: |
Q1. Explain in
brief the basic Principles of democracy.
Answer: 1) Democracy provides right to freedom of speech
and expression, criticize and to differ from others.
2) Democracy is based on the principle of tolerance.
3)
Democracy enhances
the dignity of an individual. That is why People are given different types of rights in democracy.
4) Democracy is a form of government where sovereignty lies in the hands of people.
5) Democracy is the
government of the representative who are elected by the adult franchise.
6) Democratic government works
strictly according to the constitution which has been accepted
by the people.
7) Democracy is based
on the principle of maximum
welfare of all sections of the society.
Q 2.
Explain in brief the main obstacles in the way of democracy?
Ans. 1. Regionalism- Feeling of regionalism among people is a serious threat to democracy. It creates a feeling of narrow mindedness among people. They
prefer regional interests to national interest which
is harmful for national unity and integrity
2. Casteism and Communalism- The curse of casteism and Communalism gives rise to hatred
and tension in the society.
Casteism and communalism are fatal for
national unity and integrity.
3.Illiteracy- Illiteracy is a major threat to democracy. An illiterate person
is not fully aware of the economic, social and political
problems of the nation. He becomes a prey to the false promises of selfish and shrewd politicians and can't do full justice
to the right
to vote.
4.
Poverty- Poverty is a big hurdle in the way of democracy. Many a time he does not use his
right to vote properly and he can't express his views freely.
The rich becomes
successful to buy the
vote of the poor.
5.
Illness- It is also a serious
problem in the way of democracy. People suffering from chronic
diseases lack interest
in public work.
Q 3. Describe
any five conditions of the success of democracy.
Ans.1.Political Freedom- For the success of democracy people should have freedom of speech
and expression, freedom
to assemble and form associations or unions. They must have liberty to criticise wrong policies of government.
2. Social Equality- Social equality is the essential condition for the success of democracy. There
should not be any discrimination against a citizen on the
basis of race, caste, sex, religion or place of birth.
3.
Literacy- Literate citizen make the democracy
successful. Only educated citizen can
understand economic, social and political problems of the nation and play
vital role to solve them.
4. High moral values among
citizens- People with high moral values make democracy
successful.
Corrupt political leaders and rulers are a major obstacle in the way of
democracy. 5.Enlightened
citizenship- Aware and alert citizens make democracy successful.
Enlightened citizens prevent any government from becoming dictator.
Q4. Give one definition of democracy system and explained
in brief the importance of
democracy.
Ans. According to Abraham Lincoln, "Democracy is the government of the people, for the
people and by the people."
Importance of Democracy:
1. Development of the spirit
of Patriotism-
Democracy
strengthens the love for country because citizens feel that the government is
their own creation. It is matter of
dignity that people elect their representatives and feel their participation in administration.
2.
Based on Equality-
Democracy is based on the principle of equality. It is moral in nature as
there is no
discrimination in this form of government.
3. Representative
of Public Opinion- Democratic government
is the real representative of the people. This government makes laws keeping
in view the
interests of the common man.
4. Ensures the protection of the Individual
Liberty- Only a democratic government ensures
the rights and liberty of citizens. In democracy freedom
of speech and expression, freedom to assemble and form associations or unions
have been provided.
5. Development of moral qualities- Democracy promotes moral qualities among the people
than any other polity. It teaches them the
qualities of tolerance, cooperation and self-sacrifice.
Ans.1. Martrydom of Guru Arjan
Dev ji 2. 30 May 1606 A.D.
2.
Miri Piri 3. Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib ji
3.
Saint Mian Mir 4. Foundation stone of Harmandir Sahib ji
4.
Khusrau 1. Jahangir
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Differentiate between:- |
1.
Miri Piri
Ans. After the martyrdom of Guru Arjan
Dev ji, Sri Guru Hargobind ji wore two swords for the protection of Sikh religion and signified
that ‘Miri and Piri’. Miri symbolized the temporal power. Piri symbolized
the spiritual affairs.
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2. Very Short Answer Type Questions:- |
Q 1.Who was the
fifth Guru of the Sikhs?
Ans. Sri Guru Arjan
Dev Ji.
Q 2. When and who laid the foundation of Harmandir Sahib ji?
Ans. The foundation of Harmandir Sahib ji
was laid by Sufi Saint Mian Mir Ji in 1588 A.D.
Q 3. To whom Guru Arjan Dev ji got dictate Adi Granth Sahib
ji?
Ans. Bhai Gurdas Ji.
Q 4. When was the compilation of Adi Shri Guru
Granth Sahib ji completed?
Ans. In 1604 A.D.
Q 5. Who was the
leader of Naqshbandi ?
Ans. Shaikh Ahmad
Sirhindi.
Q 6. Who was the
first Granthi of Harmandir Sahib ?
Ans. Baba Buddha ji.
Q 7. What do you
mean by Daswandh ?
Ans. The meaning of Daswandh is that each
Sikh must give one tenth
of his income on the name of Guru.
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3. Short Answer Type Questions:- |
Q 1. To whom did
Sri Guru Ram Das ji give Guruship and when?
Ans. Guru Ram Das ji gave the Guruship to his third and
younger son Arjan Dev in 1581 A.D.
Q 2. Describe the martyrdom of
Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji.
Ans.
Jahangir was a staunch Muslim. He was unhappy with the growing popularity
of Sikh
religion and Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji. It was a golden
opportunity for the enemies of Guru Arjan Dev Ji. At that time Jahangir’s son Khusrau
rebelled against him. Jahangir got Guru ji brutally martyred charging him of
helping the rebellious Khusrau.
Q 3. What
do you mean by religious intolerance of Jahangir?
Ans. Jahangir was a staunch
Muslim and he was concerned about growing popularity and the following of Guru Ji. Jahangir
was jealous or disapproved of the growing
popularity of Guru Arjan Dev ji and the
propaganda of Sikhism and he wanted to stop the spread of Sikhism.
Q 4. Who
was Chandu Shah? Why did he turned against Guru Arjan Dev Ji?
Ans. Chandu Shah was an important officer of the Lahore
province. His daughter’s marriage was fixed with Guru ji’s son Hargobind ji but
due to Chandu Shah’s ego Guru ji rejected the offer of marriage of his daughter with his son
on the request of the
Sikhs. He feel
insulted and becomes
opponent of Guru
ji.
Q 5.What
was the immediate cause of Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji’s martyrdom?
Ans.
Prince Khusrau was the son of Jahangir. He rebelled against his father
Jahangir. He came to Guru ji for his blessings. Guru ji received Prince Khusrau
as in the case of any visitor of high position. Guru ji welcomed and offered
Langar to him. The opponents of Guru ji provoked Jahangir and told him that the
Guru Ji took shelter to him. Jahangir ordered the arrest of Guru ji for helping
Khusrau.
Q 6.What
was the role of Masand System in the development of Sikh religion?
Ans. 1. Sikhism spread widely due to
Masand System.
2. Guru ji made new laws for development of Masand System.
3. Guru ji appointed very responsible Masands
for collection of the offerings.
4. Guru ji appointed Masands even outside Punjab.
It helped in the spread of Sikh religion.
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4. Long Answer Type Questions:- |
Q 1. What is the contribution of Guru
Arjan Dev ji in the development of Sikh religion? Discuss in detail.
Ans.1.During his Guruship from 1581 A.D.to 1606 A.D.(25
Years) Guru ji worked tirelessly for the growth and spread of Sikh religion.
2.
Guru ji started the construction of the Harmandir
Sahib in the Centre of the Amritsar
Sarovar.
3.
Guru ji composed
2218 Shabads in 30 Ragas.
4. By
the compilation of Adi Granth Sahib ji, Guru ji provided a different religious
scriptures to the Sikh community.
5. He
himself dictated Adi Granth Sahib ji to Bhai Gurdas ji, The Adi Granth Sahib ji
contains the Shabads of the Gurus.
It also includes
the Bani of Hindu Saints,
Sufi Saints, Bhattas
and Gursikhs.
6. Finding scarcity of water in Wadali, Guru ji got dug a
well which was worked by six Persian wheels (Rahatt).
7.
Guru ji appointed responsible Sikhs for collection of Daswandh and they also preached Sikh religion.
8. In
1599 A.D. Guru ji got a Baoli constructed in Dabbi Bazaar at Lahore, which
solved the problem of scarcity of water in
area.
9.
Guru ji established new towns like Tarn Taran,
Kartarpur and Hargobindpur for Sikhs.
10. Before his martyrdom
in 1606 A.D. Guru ji nominated his son Hargobind
ji as his successor and also
motivated him to fight against
tyranny.
Q 2.What
were the reasons behind Guru Arjan Dev ji’s martyrdom? Discuss.
Ans.1.Expansion Of Sikhism- The organizational activities of Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji like the construction of Sri Harmandir Sahib,
Tarn Taran, Kartarpur, Hargobindpur and the compilation of Adi Granth
Sahib ji led to the rapid spread of Sikh religion. Due to the ‘Daswandh System’
the income of the
‘Dharmsal’ was
considerably increasing. Jahangir felt political insecurity with the rising
popularity of Sri Guru Arjan
Dev ji.
2. Enimity Of Prithi Chand- Prithi Chand was
the eldest brother of Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji. He considered himself
as the real successor of Guruship. Due to failure
in attaining Guruship
he turned an enemy of Guru ji.
3. Opposition of Chandu Shah- Chandu Shah, was an important officer of the Lahore
province. His daughter’s marriage was fixed with Guru ji’s son Hargobind ji but
due to Chandu Shah’s ego, Guru ji rejected the offer of marriage of Chandu
Shah’s daughter with his son on the request of the Sikhs. Chandu Shah considered it as his insult and became an opponent of Guru Ji.
4. Religious Intolerance of Jahangir- Jahangir was a staunch Muslim. He became jealous or
disapproved of the growing popularity of Guru ji. He wanted
to stop the spread of Sikhism.
5. Immediate Cause -Prince Khusrau rebelled against his father Jahangir. He
came to Guru ji for his blessings. Guru ji received prince
Khusrau as in the case of any visitor of high position.
Guru ji
welcomed prince Khusrau and offered Langar to him but the
opponents of Guru ji provoked Jahangir. Jahangir ordered the arrest of Guru ji
for helping Khusrau.
Q 3. What were impacts of Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev ji in Sikh
religion? Discuss.
Ans.
The Martyrdom of Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji brought a big transformation in the Sikh religion. The impact
of the Martyrdom of Guru ji as follows-
1. Adoption of New Policy by Sixth Guru- Sixth
Guru Sri Guru Hargobind ji was deeply influenced with the martyrdom of Sri Guru
Arjan Dev ji. He felt that political force is needed for the protection of
religion. Therefore, Sri Guru Hargobind ji wore two swords Miri and Piri. They
began to increase their military strength. For this purpose Guru Ji constructed
Akal Takht Sahib. All political activities were carried out from the Akal Takht
Sahib. Sikhs began to keep the weapon and they started offering horses and
weapons to Guru ji.
2. Struggle between Sikh-Mughal
Relationship – Till the reign of
Akbar, Sikhs had cordial relations with Mughals. The merciless execution of Sri
Guru Arjan Dev ji strained the relationship of Sikhs and Mughals.
3. Atrocities of Mughals on Sikhs- Martyrdom of Guru
Arjan Dev ji led to the beginning of the political atrocities on Sikhs. In 1609
A.D. Jahangir got arrested Sri Guru Hargobind ji in the fort of Gwalior .In
1675 A.D. Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
got martyred ninth Sikh Guru, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji at Delhi.
4. Development of Sense of Unity among Sikhs- After the
martyrdom of Sri Guru Arjan Dev ji, Sikh got prepared mentally to face the
political atrocities by tooth and nail. Their faith deepened in the Sikh
religion.
Thus the martyrdom of Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji became
a source of inspiration for Sikhs and this lead
to the development of sense of unity among Sikhs.
A. Objective Type Questions:
I. Fill in the blanks:
(a)
According to "Democracy is a government in which everyone has a
share" (b) The word democracy has been derived from two greek words
and
II. Multiple Choice Questions:
(a)
Which of the following canditions apply for the success of democracy
(i)
enlightened citizens
(ii)
literate citizens
(iii)
Universal adult franchise
(iv)
above all
(b)
Etymological moaning of democracy is
(i)
Rule of one man
(ii)
Bureaucracy
(iii)
Military dictatorship
(iv)
Rule of people
III. Read the statements carefully and write True/False against
every statement:
(a)
There is no liberty to express different opinion in democracy. (True/False) (b)
Democracy clearly condemns use of means of violence although it may be used for
the welfare of society. (True False)
(c)
In democracy citizens are entitled different types of Eights. (True False) (d)
Awareness of citizens is essential for democracy. (True/False)
B. Very Short Answer Type Questions:
1.
Explain Etymological meaning of democracy.
2.
Why democratic form of government is popular?
3.
Write any two hurdles in the way to democracy.
4.
Give any one definition of democracy.
5.
Mention any two conditions essential for democracy
6.
Write any two principles of democracy.
7.
What is the source of power in democracy?
8.
Which are the two forms of democracy?
C. Short Answer Type Questions:
1.
Explain any two conditions for the success of democracy.
2.
How poverty is a threat to democracy? Explain in brief.
3.
How illiteracy is a challenge for democracy? Describe in brief.
4.
'Political equality is essential for democracy'. Explain this statement
5.
How the existence of political party is essential for democracy? Explain this
statement.
Or
`Political
parties are wheels of democracy'. Explain.
6. How decentralization of power is essmitial
for democracy?
7.
Explain any two principles of democracy.
D. Long Answer Type Questions:
1.
Explain in brief the basic Pimples of democracy.
2.
Explain in brief the main obstacles in the way of democracy.
3.
Describe any five conditions of the succars of democracy.
4.
Give one definition of democracy system and explain in brief the importance of democracy
