1. Russian Revolution
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1. Multiple Choice Questions: |
1.
Who led the Bolshevik group in Russia
during the Russian
Revolution?
a) Karl Marx b) Fredrich
Engels c) Lenin d) Trotsky
Ans. Lenin.
2. Through Revolution in Russia, most powerful idea to shape the society
was?
a) Socialism b) Nationalism c) Liberalism d) None of these
Ans.
Socialism.
Who was the leader of the Menshevik group?
a) Trotsky b) Karl Marx c) Tsar Nicholas II d) None
of these
Ans.
Trotsky.
3.
Which
country withdrew from the 1st World War and formal peace was signed
with Germany?
a) America b) Russia c) France d) England
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B. Fill in the Blanks: |
Ans. Russia.
1.
Lenin led the Bolshevik group in Russia
during the Russian
Revolution.
2.
Soviet means a council
or grass root
level governing body.
3.
The elected consultative parliament in Russia
was called Duma.
4.
The literal meaning
of the word „Tsar‟ is Supreme ruler.
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C. Differentiate Between- |
1.
Bolshevik and Menshevik
Ans. Bolshevik- Bolshevik was the majority group of The Russian Socialist Democratic Party. They were in favour of Industrial labourers. They also wanted
to do work with discipline. Lenin was the leader of this group.
Menshevik- Menshevik was the minority group of The Russian Socialist Democratic party. They were liberal and wanted
to establish elected
parliament. Trotsky was the leader
of this group.
2.
Liberals and Conservatives.
Ans. Liberals- These
are basically the responses of those people who accepted and wanted radical restructuring as well
as transformation in the system.
Conservative-These people were in the favour of change
but they wanted that it should be introduced gradually without altering the
basic structure of the society.
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C. Match the Columns: |
1. Lenin a. Mensheviks
2. Trotsky b. Newspaper
3. March’s Russian
Revolution c. Russian Parliament
4. Duma d. Bolsheviks
5. Pravada e.
1917 A.D.
Ans. 1. Lenin Bolsheviks
2.
Trotsky Mensheviks
3.
March‟s Russian Revolution 1917 A.D.
4.
Duma Russian Parliament
5.
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2. Very Short Answer Type Question: |
Pravada Newspaper
Q.1.
Which idea became the most powerful
force to shape a society
in the 20th century?
Ans:
The idea of Socialism.
Q.2.
What was ‘Duma’?
Ans.
Duma was the Russian Parliament.
Q.3.
Who was the ruler
at the time of the March Revolution of 1917 in Russia?
Ans.
Tsar Nicholas II.
Q.4.
What was the chief
cause of Russian
revolution 1905 A.D.?
Ans.
The defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.
Q.5.
Who defeated
Russia in 1905?
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3. Short Answer Type Questions- |
Ans. Japan.
Q 1. Describe the
immediate consequences of October 1917 A.D. Russian Revolution.
Ans.1.Russia withdrew from the First World
War.
2.
The Estates
of landlords and the church
were confiscated and transferred to the peasants.
3.
The control
of industries was transferred to the committees of workers.
4. Banks, insurance companies, mines, water transport and railways were nationalized.
5.Foreign investments were confiscated.
Q.2.
Write a note on the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks.
Ans. Bolsheviks-The Russian
Social Democratic party
was established in 1889 A.D. because of disputes this party divided
into two groups.
The majority group
was called Bolshevik. They were in favour
of industrial labourers. Lenin was the leader of this group.
Menshevik – It was the 2nd group of The Russian Social
Democratic party. They were in minority and were
more liberal and formed of a party
of the type that existed
in France and Germany. They wanted participation in the
parliamentary election. The leader of this group
was Trotsky.
Q.3.
What led the failure of provisional government in Russia?
Ans.1.The
decision of the provisional government to continue with the war proved to be
immensely unpopular for the war- weary public.
2.
The collapse of the June
offensive led to the collapse
of the army morale and discipline with thousands of soldiers deserting the army.
3.
The authority of the government was also decreased sharply as it had to share power
with the Petrograd Soviet.
4. eTh decision
of the soldiers to obey only the Petrograd Soviets
was a decisive blow for the
provisional government.
5.
The delay in holding the elections for
constituent assembly on the plea of war was also unpopular among the public.
6.
Peasants expectation of partition of a large
landholdings for distribution of land to them was not
fulfilled.
Q.4.
What was the April
thesis of Lenin?
Ans. The
arrival of Lenin
in 1917 AD.,
from the exile
he gave three
points -ending the support to the
provisional government, power
to the Soviets and end to war increasingly began to find resonance amongst the public.
This is called
April Thesis.
Q.5.
What changes
occurred in the field of agriculture after October Revolution?
Ans. 1. The
Estates of landlords were confiscated and transferred to the peasants.
2.
The new
government was totally
against the private
property.
3.
Government has
controlled all the means of production.
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4. Long Answer Type Questions: |
Q.1.
Explain Russia before 1905 in
context of a social, economic
and political conditions.
Ans. Political condition- Some countries like France had become Republics while England had become Constitutional Monarchies. New
middle classes had become important in place of old
feudal aristocracies.
Social and Economic condition-As compare
to western Europe
Russia remained an agriculturally
backward country.
Although serfdom had been abolished in 1861 A.D. it had not improved the condition of the peasants. The hunger of land was the major
social factor in Russian society
.Russia also faced the challenge of the rapidly
rising population .Most
of the peasantry was loyal to the
Tsar and considered him to be “a Father Figure”.
Q.2.
What were
the impacts of industrialization of Russia on masses?
Ans. In order to make
Russia a great
power the Tsar
began a policy
of rapid industrialization in late 19th century. A number of steel, iron
and other industries were established in and around Moscow and Urals.
Impacts of industrialization-
1.
Industrialization brought
men, women and children to factories.
2.
Workers had paid poor wages for long working
hours.
3.
Poor working conditions and low wages
made the worsened
economic condition of the workers.
4.
Small cottage
industries were destroyed.
5. Social problems such as housing
and insanitation were
growing in workers
who lived near the
factories.
6.
Unemployment occurred
due to the
destroyed of small
-scale industries.
Q.3.
Write a note on Socialism in detail.
Ans. Socialism is an ideology
whose defining condition is ownership of the means
of production and distribution by the government or by a collective group
of people. Karl
Marx gave the new
ideas of socialism. Combined with a new sense
of common identity fostered by socialism led most of these
workers to form
unions of their own. Society
should be class
less i.e. without
hierarchy on the basis
of income and property. Markets
should be regulated by the state.
Q.4. What are the factors responsible for wide spread
support of the people to Bolsheviks?
Ans.1.Bolsheviks alternative of Peace,
Land and Bread
was increasingly becoming
attractive among people.
2. Many peasants
began to seize land on their own supported by the Bolsheviks. As a result significant sections of the peasantry began
to support the Bolsheviks.
3.
They wanted
to overthrow the
Tsar regime and establish a Republic in Russia.
4.
They were
in favour of giving power
to the Soviets.
5.
They gave the idea
of withdrew Russia
from war which
influence the people.
6. Kornilov‟s failed
attempt to dismantle the soviets proved
immensely embarrassing for the
government and led
to the rising popularity of the Bolsheviks.
Q.5.
What were the main
changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the
October Revolution?
Ans. 1. Russia withdrew from the 1st
World War.
2. Formal
peace was signed with Germany later, after ceding the territories that Germany
demanded as a prize for peace.
3. The Estates
of landlords, the church and the Tsar were confiscated and transferred to the
peasants.
4.
The new
government was totally
against the private
property.
5.
The control
of industries was transferred to the committees of workers.
6.
Banks, insurance companies, mines, water,
transport and railways
were nationalized.
7.
Foreign investments were confiscated.
8.
Bolshevik party
was renamed as the Russian
Communist party.
EXERCISE
I. Objective Type Question Multiple Choice Questions:
1.Who
led the Bolshevik group in Russia during the Russian Revolution?
a)
Karl Marx
b) Fredrich Engels
c)
Lenin
d)
Trotsky
2.
Through Revolution in Russia, most powerful idea to shape the society was? a)
Socialism
b)Nationalism
c)
Liberalism
d)
None of these
3.
Who was the leader of the Menshevik group?
a)
Trotsky
b)
Karl Marx
c)
Tsar Nicholas II
d)
None of these
4.
Which country withdrew from the First World War and formal peace was signed
with Germany?
a)
America
b)
Russia
c)
France
d)
England
B. Fill in the blanks:
1. led the Bolshevik group in Russia during the
Russian Revolution.
2. Means a council or grass root level governing
body.
3.
The elected consultative parliament in Russia was called
4.
The literal meaning of the word 'Tsar' is
C. Differentiate Between
1.
Bolshevik and Menshevik
2.
Liberals and Conservatives.
D. Match the Columns
A B
1.
Lenin (a)
Mensheviks
2.
Trotsky (b)
Newspaper
3.
March's Russian (c)
Russian Parliament Revolution
4.
Duma (d)
Bolsheviks
5.
Pravada (e)
1917 A.D
II.Very Short Answer Type Question
1.
Which idea became the most powerful force to shape society in the 20th century?
2.
What was Duma'?
3.
Who was the ruler at the time of the March Revolution of 1917 in Russia?
4.
What was the chief cause of Russian Revolution 1905?
5.
Who defeated Russian in 1905?
III. ShortAnswer Type Questions
1.
Describe the immediate consequences of October 1917 Russian Revolution.
2.
Write a note on the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks?
3.
What led to the failure of provisional Government in Russian?
4.
What was the April thesis of Lenin?
5.
What changes occurred in the field of agriculture after October Revolution?
Long Answer Type Questions
1.
Explain Russia before 1905 in social, economic and political conditions.
2.
What were the impacts of industrialization of Russia on masses?
3.
Write a note on Socialism in detail.
4.
What were the factors responsible for wide spread support of the people to
Bolsheviks?
5.
What were the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after
the October Revolution?
I. Organize a group discussion in the class with the help of
your subject teacher on each of the following topics:
1. February Revolution
2. October Revolution
3. Formation of Bolshevik Government
