3 Poverty: Challenge Facin
a) 20 crore b) 25 crore c) 26 crore d) None of these
Ans: None of these
2. Poverty ratio in countries is less.
a) Developed countries b)
Developing countries
c) Less developed countries d)
None of these
Ans: Developed countries
3. In India which
state is the poorest state?
a) Bihar b) Uttar Pradesh c)
Punjab d) Rajasthan
Ans: Bihar
4. National income is the
indicator of _.
a) Poverty line b) Population c)
Relative poverty d) absolute poverty
Ans: Relative poverty
1. More than one fifth of the world's
poor people live in India.
2. Poverty creates a feeling of helplessness in the poor people.
3. Rural people require
more calories than urban people.
4. Punjab state has succeeded in reducing poverty
with the help of high agricultural growth rates.
5. Poverty line is the method to measure
the minimum income required to satisfy the basic
needs of life.
6.
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3. True / False |
Relative poverty is a measurement of poverty.
1. There is a rapid decrease in global poverty. (True)
2. Disguised unemployment prevails in agriculture. (True)
3. Educated unemployment prevails more in
villages. (False)
al sample survey organization (NSSO) estimates the increase in populations. (True)
|
|
Bihar and Odisha
states are the poorest states. (True)
4. Very short answer type Questions
Q1. What is the
meaning of relative poverty?
Ans: Relative poverty refers to the distribution of national
income across different individuals and households in the country.
Q2. What is the meaning of absolute poverty?
Ans: Absolute poverty refers to the measure of poverty, keeping
in view the per capita intake of calories and minimum level of consumption.
Q3. Name two indicators of relative poverty.
Ans: Per Capita Income and
National Income.
Q 4. What is the meaning of
poverty line?
Ans: Poverty line is the method to measure the minimum income
required to satisfy the basic needs of life.
Q 5. Name the criteria adopted by the Planning Commission
of India to determine the
poverty line?
Ans: Level of income and
consumption of poor people.
Q 6. Name two indicators of poverty
Ans: Income
and consumption.
Q 7 In poor families who suffers the most?.
Ans: Children.
Q 8. Name two poorest
states of India. Ana: Odisha
and Bihar.
Q 9. How Kerala has reduced poverty in the state?
Ans: Kerala has reduced poverty by focusing
more on human resource development.
Q10. What has helped West Bengal in
reducing y? Ans: Land
reform measures.
Q11. Name two states which reduced poverty with the help of high
agricultural growth rates.
Ans: Punjab and Haryana.
Q12. How China and South-East- Asian countries are
able to reduce poverty?
Ans: In
China and South-East-Asian countries poverty ratio declined as a result of
rapid economic growth and investments in human resource
development.
Q13 Give two causes of poverty.
Ans: 1. Low economic growth
1. Heavy population pressure
Q14. Name two poverty alleviation programs.
Ans: 1) Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA 2005)
2)
Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY)
Q15.
Name the programme
that provides free-food
to the Govt. school children. Ans: Minimum
Needs Programme.
|
(B)Short Answer type Questions: |
Q1. What do you
mean by poverty? Explain it.
Ans: Poverty is a situation in which a person is unable to get
minimum basic necessities of life, like food, clothing, shelter, education and
health facilities. If the minimum basic needs are not fulfilled then there is
loss of health and efficiency among those living in poverty and the country.
Q 2. Differentiate between relative and absolute poverty?
Ans: Relative poverty
refers to the distribution of the national income across different individuals
and households in the country. On the other hand absolute poverty means to the
measure of poverty, keeping in view the per capita intake of calories and
minimum level of consumption.
Q 3. What are the problems faced by
the poor people?
Ans:1. Poor people are
unable to meet their basic needs like food, clothing and shelter etc.
2. Poor people cannot
get good health
facilities.
3. Poor people are unable to send their children to school.
4. Poor people face social discrimination.
Q 4. Describe how
the poverty line is estimated in India?
And: Poverty line is the method to measure the minimum income
required to satisfy the basic needs of life. It represents the capacity to
satisfy the minimum level of human needs. People living below the poverty line
are considered poor. A person is considered poor if his or her income or
consumption level falls below a given minimum level necessary to fulfill basic
needs.
Q 5 Describe the major indicators of poverty.
Ans: Keeping in view the different
aspects of poverty,
social scientists are trying to use a variety
of indicators to measure poverty. Usually the indicators used to measure
poverty are related to the levels of income and consumption. But social
scientists have also included social indicators like illiteracy level,
malnutrition, lack of access to health care, lack of job opportunities and lack
of safe drinking water. Social exclusion is another common indicator on which
the analysis of poverty is based.
Q 6. Describe the poverty trends in India since 1993-94.
Ans: In 1993-94, 403.7 million people or 44.3% of the
population was living below poverty line. The proportion of people below the
poverty line came down to 37.2% in 2004-05 and further to 21.92% in 2011-12.
The percentage of rural and urban poverty has shown decline during 1993- 94 to
2011-12.
Q 7 Briefly describe the inter-state disparities in
poverty in India.
Ans: The proportion of poor
people is not the same in every state in India. Recent estimates show that in
11 states the poverty ratio is less than the national average. Bihar and Odisha
continue to be the poorest states in terms of poverty ratio. But states like
Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana and Himachal
Pradesh have successfully reduced poverty. These
states have succeeded
in reducing poverty
by focusing more on human resource development, land reform
measures and with the help of high agricultural growth rates.
Q 8 What are the three main causes of poverty in India?
Ans:1. Low
Economic Growth - India was under
the British rule for more
than 100 years.
British policies discouraged the traditional textile industry, small and
cottage industries which were
flourishing in India.
This resulted in less job
opportunities and low growth rate
of income. Due to
this overall poverty rate could
not be reduced.
EXERCISES
1. Fill in the Blanks
(i)
More than................ of the world's poor people live in India.
(ii)
Poverty creates a feeling of ................ in the poor people.
(iii)
……… people require more calories than ………….. people.
(iv)
Punjab state has succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high
...................
growth rates.
(v)
................... is the method to measure the minimum income required to
satisfy the basic needs of life.
(vi)
................ is a measurement of poverty.
2. Multiple Choice Questions
(i)
What is the number of people living in poverty in India.
(a)
20 crores (b) 26 crores
(c)
25 crores (d) None of these
(ii)
Poverty ratio in ............countries is less.
(a)
Developed countries (b)Developing countries
(c)
Less developed countries (d) None of these
(iii)
In India which state is the poorest state.
(a)
Punjab (b) Uttar Pradesh
(c)
Odisha (d) Rajasthan
(iv)
National Income is the indicator of .................
(a)
Poverty line (b) Population
(c)
Ralative Poverty (d) absolute poverty
3. True/False
(i)
There is a rapid decrease in global poverty.
(ii)
Disguised unemployment prevails in agriculture.
(iii)
Educated Unemployment prevails more in villages.
(iv)
National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) estimates the increase in
populations.
(v)
Bihar and Odisha states are the most poor states.
4. Very Short Answer type Questions
(i)
What is the meaning of relative poverty?
(ii)
What is the meaning of absolute poverty?
(iii)
Name two indicators of relative property?
(iv)
What is the meaning of poverty line?
(v)
Name the criteria adopted by the Planning Commission of India to determine the
poverty line?
(vi)
Name two indicators of poverty?
(vii)
In poor families who suffers the most.
(viii)
Name two poorest states of India.
(ix)
How Kerala has reduced poverty in the state?
(x)
What has helped West Bengal in reducing poverty?
(xi)
Name two states which reduced poverty with the help of high agricultural growth
rates
(xii)
How China and South-East-Asian countries are able to reduce poverty?
(xiii)
Give two causes of poverty.
(xiv)
Name two poverty alleviation programmes.
(xv)
Name the programme that provides free-food to the Govt. School children?
1.
What do you mean by poverty? Explain it.
2.
Differentiate between Relative Poverty and Absolute Poverty?
198
Social Science-IX (Part-I)
3.
What are the problems faced by the poor people?
4.
Describe how the poverty line is estimated in India?
5.
Describe the major indicators of Poverty?
6.
Describe the poverty trends in India since 1993-94.
7.
Briefly describe the inter-state disparities in poverty in India.
8.
What are the three main causes of poverty in India.
9.
Poverty is just the reflection of unemployment, explain.
10.
Promotion of economic growth helps in reducing poverty. Explain.
11.
What are the main features of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(NREGA)
2005.
12.
Explain any three poverty alleviation programmes undertaken by the
Government
of India.
